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JavaMail发送和接收邮件例子

    博客分类:
  • Java
 
阅读更多
用JavaMail发送HTML格式的邮件 http://unser.iteye.com/blog/70409
Ofbiz发送邮件 http://panyongzheng.iteye.com/blog/2086312
使用java mail(jmail)通过gmail的stmp发送邮件:SSL方式 http://panyongzheng.iteye.com/blog/2090187
使用腾讯i企业邮箱 http://my.oschina.net/jasonultimate/blog/165015


发送文本邮件:http://zhaipuhong.iteye.com/blog/213005
用JavaMail 发送电子邮件虽然很简单,但是对于未接触过的朋友,它还存在着一丝神秘。本文通过用一个简单的Java 应用程序发送一封电子邮件来揭开这片神秘的面纱,而对于邮件协议等等内容,这里暂不涉及---东西太多了就像云雾一样遮住了双眼。这方面以后还需要跟大家专门探讨一下。

       JavaMail API 是一个用于阅读、编写和发送电子消息的可选包(标准扩展),与Microsoft Outlook、FoxMail之类的软件功能相似。这也可以看出,API本身的用途并不是用来传输、发送和转发电子消息,这些都是邮件服务器的工作,JMail API 用来创建邮件用户代理(Mail User Agent)类型程序,邮件服务器我们以后再介绍。

       在开始介绍一下本示例的运行环境:
      ·Window 2000 Server sp4
    ·JDK 6u10b
    ·JMail API v1.4.2
    ·JAF API v1.1 (JavaBean Activation Framework) 这个是JMail API依赖的支持库
   ·Eclipse 3.4 for J2EE Developers  
    用JavaMail发送电子邮件的过程比较简单,大致分为以下四个步骤:
    1. 创建Properties 对象,设置邮件服务器属性:mail.smtp.host ,其指定你的SMTP服务器,这个服务器不用担心,我们就用163现成的。
      2.  建立一个邮件会话,你可以创建若干个邮件会话,有兴趣可以研究研究

      3.  创建你的邮件信息对象,该对象包含了你的邮件的全部内容,包括发送人,接受人,标题,正文,附件等内容
    4. 邮件传输,邮件的传输只有送出和收到两中状态。JavaMail 将之称为传输和存储。这里我只展示发送邮件  
        用代码来描述如下所示:
String host = ...; // 指定的smtp服务器 
String from = ...; // 邮件发送人的邮件地址 
String to = ...; // 邮件接收人的邮件地址 
 
// 创建Properties 对象 
Properties props = System.getProperties(); 
 
// 添加smtp服务器属性 
props.put("mail.smtp.host", host); 
 
// 创建邮件会话 
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, null); 
 
try { 
    // 定义邮件信息 
    MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session); 
    message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); 
    message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress( 
            to)); 
    message.setSubject("HelloWorld JavaMail"); 
    message.setText("Welcome to JavaMail World!");  //发送文本
    message.setContent("<h4>HTML 格式的邮件测试!!!</h4><a href = http://www.lao-ai.com/>老艾网站</a>", "text/html;charset = gbk"); //发送超文本

 
    // 发送消息 
    Transport.send(message); 
 
} catch (MessagingException e) { 
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
    e.printStackTrace(); 

 
       以上已经描述用JMail 发送邮件的大致过程,如果你有一个免费的不需要帐户认证的公用邮件服务器,上面的程序已经可以用来发送邮件了。(不过我没有找到这样的邮件服务器,不过可以自己配置一个^_^)


       眼见为实,不真正发送成功一个邮件,始终会让人觉得掉胃口。要想那样,我们需要稍微修改上面的程序,完整的程序如下:
Java代码 
package com.zhaipuhong.j2ee.jmail;  
  
import java.util.Properties;  
  
import javax.mail.Authenticator;  
import javax.mail.Message;  
import javax.mail.MessagingException;  
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;  
import javax.mail.Session;  
import javax.mail.Transport;  
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;  
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;  
  
public class HelloJMail {  
      
       public static void sendMail() {  
    String host = "smtp.163.com"; // 指定的smtp服务器  
    String from = ""; // 邮件发送人的邮件地址  
    String to = ""; // 邮件接收人的邮件地址  
    final String username = "";  //发件人的邮件帐户  
    final String password = "";   //发件人的邮件密码  
  
    // 创建Properties 对象  
    Properties props = System.getProperties();  
  
    // 添加smtp服务器属性  
    props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);  
    props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");   //163的stmp不是免费的也不公用的,需要验证  
  
    // 创建邮件会话  
    Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, new Authenticator(){  //验账账户  
        @Override  
        public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {  
            return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password);  
        }  
              
    });  
  
    try {  
            // 定义邮件信息  
         MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);  
                       message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));  
           message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(  
                    to));  
           message.setSubject("HelloWorld JavaMail");  
          message.setText("Welcome to JavaMail World!");  
          //message.setContent("<h4>HTML 格式的邮件测试!!!</h4><a href = http://www.lao-ai.com/>老艾网站</a>", "text/html;charset = gbk");
  
           // 发送消息  
         //session.getTransport("smtp").send(message);  //也可以这样创建Transport对象  
         Transport.send(message);  
  
    } catch (MessagingException e) {  
        e.printStackTrace();  
    }  
      }  
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {  
    HelloJMail.sendMail();  
      }  
  
}  

     上面的程序把我的邮箱帐号信息删除了,测试的时候补充你自己的邮箱帐号信息即可使用:
Java代码 
…… 
public static void sendMail() { 
       String host = "smtp.163.com"; // 指定的smtp服务器 
   String from = ""; // 邮件发送人的邮件地址 
   String to = ""; // 邮件接收人的邮件地址 
   final String username = "";  //发件人的邮件帐户 
   final String password = "";   //发件人的邮件密码 


      FAQ:
     1. 如果你遇到“……553 authentication is required……”
      请检查你的如下设置是否正确:
   
Java代码 
…… 
 
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); 
 
…… 
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, new Authenticator(){//你也可以单独创建Authenticator对象 
            @Override 
            public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() { 
                return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password); 
            } 
             
}); 
 
…… 
      2. 如果你遇到“……java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError……com/sun/mail/util/SharedByteArrayInputS 、   com/sun/mail/util/MailDateFormat……  ” 之类的错误
      可能你的项目中引用了j2ee.jar包,里面包含有jmail API,与你添加到classpath中的jmail.jar版本不一样或者内容有差别等造成,你需要在classpath中把你刚添加的jmail.jar和activation.jar放在j2ee.jar的前面,在IDE中,就在类库中把这两个包“move up”到j2ee.jar包的上面。




发送附件例子:http://blog.csdn.net/lijun0349/article/details/4536126
package com;

import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
import javax.activation.*;

public class a {
 public static void main(String[] agrs) {
  String host = "smtp.att.yahoo.com"; // SMTP服务器名
  String name = "asl@fdsgf.net"; // 邮箱登录名
  String passWord = "hghhhdss"; // 邮箱密码

  String from = "from@163.com";
  String to = "to@live.cn";

  String subject = "Hello JavaMail Attachment";
  String body = "Hi, this is body";
  String fileAttachment = "F://1.gif";

  Properties props = System.getProperties();
  try {
   props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);

   // props.put("mail.smtp.port", 465);
   props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");

   //SmtpAuth sa = new SmtpAuth(name, passWord);
   
   Session session = Session.getInstance(props, null);
   MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
   message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
   message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
   message.setSubject(subject);
   MimeBodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
   messageBodyPart.setText(body);
   Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
   multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
   messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
   DataSource source = new FileDataSource(fileAttachment);
   messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
   messageBodyPart.setFileName(fileAttachment);
   multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
   message.setContent(multipart);

   Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
   transport.connect(host, name, passWord);
   transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
   transport.close();

  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }

}





JavaMail学习笔记(四)、使用POP3协议接收并解析电子邮件(全) http://blog.csdn.net/xyang81/article/details/7675160
package org.yangxin.study.jm;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Flags;
import javax.mail.Folder;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Part;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Store;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;

/**
 * 使用POP3协议接收邮件
 */
public class POP3ReceiveMailTest {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		receive();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 接收邮件
	 */
	public static void receive() throws Exception {
		// 准备连接服务器的会话信息
		Properties props = new Properties();
		props.setProperty("mail.store.protocol", "pop3");		// 协议
		props.setProperty("mail.pop3.port", "110");				// 端口
		props.setProperty("mail.pop3.host", "pop3.163.com");	// pop3服务器
		
		// 创建Session实例对象
		Session session = Session.getInstance(props);
		Store store = session.getStore("pop3");
		store.connect("xyang0917@163.com", "123456abc");
		
		// 获得收件箱
		Folder folder = store.getFolder("INBOX");
		/* Folder.READ_ONLY:只读权限
		 * Folder.READ_WRITE:可读可写(可以修改邮件的状态)
		 */
		folder.open(Folder.READ_WRITE);	//打开收件箱
		
		// 由于POP3协议无法获知邮件的状态,所以getUnreadMessageCount得到的是收件箱的邮件总数
		System.out.println("未读邮件数: " + folder.getUnreadMessageCount());
		
		// 由于POP3协议无法获知邮件的状态,所以下面得到的结果始终都是为0
		System.out.println("删除邮件数: " + folder.getDeletedMessageCount());
		System.out.println("新邮件: " + folder.getNewMessageCount());
		
		// 获得收件箱中的邮件总数
		System.out.println("邮件总数: " + folder.getMessageCount());
		
		// 得到收件箱中的所有邮件,并解析
		Message[] messages = folder.getMessages();
		parseMessage(messages);
		
		//释放资源
		folder.close(true);
		store.close();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 解析邮件
	 * @param messages 要解析的邮件列表
	 */
	public static void parseMessage(Message ...messages) throws MessagingException, IOException {
		if (messages == null || messages.length < 1) 
			throw new MessagingException("未找到要解析的邮件!");
		
		// 解析所有邮件
		for (int i = 0, count = messages.length; i < count; i++) {
			MimeMessage msg = (MimeMessage) messages[i];
			System.out.println("------------------解析第" + msg.getMessageNumber() + "封邮件-------------------- ");
			System.out.println("主题: " + getSubject(msg));
			System.out.println("发件人: " + getFrom(msg));
			System.out.println("收件人:" + getReceiveAddress(msg, null));
			System.out.println("发送时间:" + getSentDate(msg, null));
			System.out.println("是否已读:" + isSeen(msg));
			System.out.println("邮件优先级:" + getPriority(msg));
			System.out.println("是否需要回执:" + isReplySign(msg));
			System.out.println("邮件大小:" + msg.getSize() * 1024 + "kb");
			boolean isContainerAttachment = isContainAttachment(msg);
			System.out.println("是否包含附件:" + isContainerAttachment);
			if (isContainerAttachment) {
				saveAttachment(msg, "c:\\mailtmp\\"+msg.getSubject() + "_"); //保存附件
			} 
			StringBuffer content = new StringBuffer(30);
			getMailTextContent(msg, content);
			System.out.println("邮件正文:" + (content.length() > 100 ? content.substring(0,100) + "..." : content));
			System.out.println("------------------第" + msg.getMessageNumber() + "封邮件解析结束-------------------- ");
			System.out.println();
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获得邮件主题
	 * @param msg 邮件内容
	 * @return 解码后的邮件主题
	 */
	public static String getSubject(MimeMessage msg) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, MessagingException {
		return MimeUtility.decodeText(msg.getSubject());
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获得邮件发件人
	 * @param msg 邮件内容
	 * @return 姓名 <Email地址>
	 * @throws MessagingException
	 * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException 
	 */
	public static String getFrom(MimeMessage msg) throws MessagingException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
		String from = "";
		Address[] froms = msg.getFrom();
		if (froms.length < 1)
			throw new MessagingException("没有发件人!");
		
		InternetAddress address = (InternetAddress) froms[0];
		String person = address.getPersonal();
		if (person != null) {
			person = MimeUtility.decodeText(person) + " ";
		} else {
			person = "";
		}
		from = person + "<" + address.getAddress() + ">";
		
		return from;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 根据收件人类型,获取邮件收件人、抄送和密送地址。如果收件人类型为空,则获得所有的收件人
	 * <p>Message.RecipientType.TO  收件人</p>
	 * <p>Message.RecipientType.CC  抄送</p>
	 * <p>Message.RecipientType.BCC 密送</p>
	 * @param msg 邮件内容
	 * @param type 收件人类型
	 * @return 收件人1 <邮件地址1>, 收件人2 <邮件地址2>, ...
	 * @throws MessagingException
	 */
	public static String getReceiveAddress(MimeMessage msg, Message.RecipientType type) throws MessagingException {
		StringBuffer receiveAddress = new StringBuffer();
		Address[] addresss = null;
		if (type == null) {
			addresss = msg.getAllRecipients();
		} else {
			addresss = msg.getRecipients(type);
		}
		
		if (addresss == null || addresss.length < 1)
			throw new MessagingException("没有收件人!");
		for (Address address : addresss) {
			InternetAddress internetAddress = (InternetAddress)address;
			receiveAddress.append(internetAddress.toUnicodeString()).append(",");
		}
		
		receiveAddress.deleteCharAt(receiveAddress.length()-1);	//删除最后一个逗号
		
		return receiveAddress.toString();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获得邮件发送时间
	 * @param msg 邮件内容
	 * @return yyyy年mm月dd日 星期X HH:mm
	 * @throws MessagingException
	 */
	public static String getSentDate(MimeMessage msg, String pattern) throws MessagingException {
		Date receivedDate = msg.getSentDate();
		if (receivedDate == null)
			return "";
		
		if (pattern == null || "".equals(pattern))
			pattern = "yyyy年MM月dd日 E HH:mm ";
		
		return new SimpleDateFormat(pattern).format(receivedDate);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 判断邮件中是否包含附件
	 * @param msg 邮件内容
	 * @return 邮件中存在附件返回true,不存在返回false
	 * @throws MessagingException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static boolean isContainAttachment(Part part) throws MessagingException, IOException {
		boolean flag = false;
		if (part.isMimeType("multipart/*")) {
			MimeMultipart multipart = (MimeMultipart) part.getContent();
			int partCount = multipart.getCount();
			for (int i = 0; i < partCount; i++) {
				BodyPart bodyPart = multipart.getBodyPart(i);
				String disp = bodyPart.getDisposition();
				if (disp != null && (disp.equalsIgnoreCase(Part.ATTACHMENT) || disp.equalsIgnoreCase(Part.INLINE))) {
					flag = true;
				} else if (bodyPart.isMimeType("multipart/*")) {
					flag = isContainAttachment(bodyPart);
				} else {
					String contentType = bodyPart.getContentType();
					if (contentType.indexOf("application") != -1) {
						flag = true;
					}  
					
					if (contentType.indexOf("name") != -1) {
						flag = true;
					} 
				}
				
				if (flag) break;
			}
		} else if (part.isMimeType("message/rfc822")) {
			flag = isContainAttachment((Part)part.getContent());
		}
		return flag;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 判断邮件是否已读
	 * @param msg 邮件内容
	 * @return 如果邮件已读返回true,否则返回false
	 * @throws MessagingException 
	 */
	public static boolean isSeen(MimeMessage msg) throws MessagingException {
		return msg.getFlags().contains(Flags.Flag.SEEN);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 判断邮件是否需要阅读回执
	 * @param msg 邮件内容
	 * @return 需要回执返回true,否则返回false
	 * @throws MessagingException
	 */
	public static boolean isReplySign(MimeMessage msg) throws MessagingException {
		boolean replySign = false;
		String[] headers = msg.getHeader("Disposition-Notification-To");
		if (headers != null)
			replySign = true;
		return replySign;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获得邮件的优先级
	 * @param msg 邮件内容
	 * @return 1(High):紧急  3:普通(Normal)  5:低(Low)
	 * @throws MessagingException 
	 */
	public static String getPriority(MimeMessage msg) throws MessagingException {
		String priority = "普通";
		String[] headers = msg.getHeader("X-Priority");
		if (headers != null) {
			String headerPriority = headers[0];
			if (headerPriority.indexOf("1") != -1 || headerPriority.indexOf("High") != -1)
				priority = "紧急";
			else if (headerPriority.indexOf("5") != -1 || headerPriority.indexOf("Low") != -1)
				priority = "低";
			else
				priority = "普通";
		}
		return priority;
	} 
	
	/**
	 * 获得邮件文本内容
	 * @param part 邮件体
	 * @param content 存储邮件文本内容的字符串
	 * @throws MessagingException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static void getMailTextContent(Part part, StringBuffer content) throws MessagingException, IOException {
		//如果是文本类型的附件,通过getContent方法可以取到文本内容,但这不是我们需要的结果,所以在这里要做判断
		boolean isContainTextAttach = part.getContentType().indexOf("name") > 0;	
		if (part.isMimeType("text/*") && !isContainTextAttach) {
			content.append(part.getContent().toString());
		} else if (part.isMimeType("message/rfc822")) {	
			getMailTextContent((Part)part.getContent(),content);
		} else if (part.isMimeType("multipart/*")) {
			Multipart multipart = (Multipart) part.getContent();
			int partCount = multipart.getCount();
			for (int i = 0; i < partCount; i++) {
				BodyPart bodyPart = multipart.getBodyPart(i);
				getMailTextContent(bodyPart,content);
			}
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 保存附件
	 * @param part 邮件中多个组合体中的其中一个组合体
	 * @param destDir  附件保存目录
	 * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
	 * @throws MessagingException
	 * @throws FileNotFoundException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public static void saveAttachment(Part part, String destDir) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, MessagingException,
			FileNotFoundException, IOException {
		if (part.isMimeType("multipart/*")) {
			Multipart multipart = (Multipart) part.getContent();	//复杂体邮件
			//复杂体邮件包含多个邮件体
			int partCount = multipart.getCount();
			for (int i = 0; i < partCount; i++) {
				//获得复杂体邮件中其中一个邮件体
				BodyPart bodyPart = multipart.getBodyPart(i);
				//某一个邮件体也有可能是由多个邮件体组成的复杂体
				String disp = bodyPart.getDisposition();
				if (disp != null && (disp.equalsIgnoreCase(Part.ATTACHMENT) || disp.equalsIgnoreCase(Part.INLINE))) {
					InputStream is = bodyPart.getInputStream();
					saveFile(is, destDir, decodeText(bodyPart.getFileName()));
				} else if (bodyPart.isMimeType("multipart/*")) {
					saveAttachment(bodyPart,destDir);
				} else {
					String contentType = bodyPart.getContentType();
					if (contentType.indexOf("name") != -1 || contentType.indexOf("application") != -1) {
						saveFile(bodyPart.getInputStream(), destDir, decodeText(bodyPart.getFileName()));
					}
				}
			}
		} else if (part.isMimeType("message/rfc822")) {
			saveAttachment((Part) part.getContent(),destDir);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 读取输入流中的数据保存至指定目录
	 * @param is 输入流
	 * @param fileName 文件名
	 * @param destDir 文件存储目录
	 * @throws FileNotFoundException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	private static void saveFile(InputStream is, String destDir, String fileName)
			throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
		BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);
		BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(
				new FileOutputStream(new File(destDir + fileName)));
		int len = -1;
		while ((len = bis.read()) != -1) {
			bos.write(len);
			bos.flush();
		}
		bos.close();
		bis.close();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 文本解码
	 * @param encodeText 解码MimeUtility.encodeText(String text)方法编码后的文本
	 * @return 解码后的文本
	 * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
	 */
	public static String decodeText(String encodeText) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
		if (encodeText == null || "".equals(encodeText)) {
			return "";
		} else {
			return MimeUtility.decodeText(encodeText);
		}
	}
}

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